Network interface device nid this device is also called as either an optical network terminal ont or an optical network unit onu. Access network, access technologies, broadband services and applications access network, c. A transmitter connected to a receiver in an optical network. The objective is to provide the telecommunications engineers with a document that forms the basis for understanding otn. Network topologies the physical network topology that best supports traffic demand generally varies with the segments core, metro, access of the optical networking structure. Installing the fiber access network the first step in the installation of a fiber optic access network is to create a network of suitable ducts to contain the fiber optic cables. Internetwork a network of networks is called an internetwork, or simply the internet. Optical networks are telecommunications network of high capacity. As we continue to expand this area of our website, we will look to add additional publication types. Ultra everything, telephony, october 16, 2000 2002 raj jain recent products announcements product. It was proposed as an extension of the planet acts project, developed in the late 90s with a split ratio of 2048 users over 100 km at 2.
A dedicated fiber plant, often referred to as a pointtopoint network, provides a dedicated fiber strand between each subscriber and the central office co. Optical networks provide the communication backbone of the internet. Hybrid wirelessoptical broadband access network woban. The handbook of optical communication networks pdf physical layer. As a variety of bit rates and signal formats, ranging from asynchronous legacy networks to 10gbps sonet systems, a. A pon system makes it possible to share expensive components for ftth.
Optical power and the decibel a decibel itself is simply a ratio between values. Pdf optical access network migration from gpon to xgpon. The long reach optical access network lroan objective is to increase the reach of optical access network under a common umbrella. Fiber optic networks an overview sciencedirect topics. And how to optimize wdm network has always been a hot topic.
This article introduces the basic concepts of optical access network, technical characteristics, the next type of optical access network applications, business support capabilities, configuration, structure, selection of future development trends of the optical access. Advantages of fiber large bandwidthdistance product. Applications of optical fiber access network scientific. Ring user 1 user 2 user 3 user 4 user 5 user 6 user 7 individual passive optical tap is required for each node. Access optical networks operate at units of gbs and hundreds of mbs bit rate. The book explains the differences among various man technologies, getting you up to speed on the solutions you need to use. The ducts will be installed over the entire network extending from the service office to the fiber distribution hubs and beyond to every customer site in the network. Optical fiber, passive optical network, fttx, point to point, point to multipoint, wdm, simulation. This chapter introduces basic optical network concepts which include layers of optical network, data.
Optical wireless network applications emerging applications requiring super broadband opticalwireless access. The material consolidates and disseminates the latest developments and advances in the area of broadband access network technologies and. Convergence of optical and wireless access networks. Optical network design and implementation provides a complete reference of technology solutions for nextgeneration optical networks. Introduction an optical fiber is a long thin strand of impurityfree glass used as a transport medium for data. Multiple access techniques for fiberoptic networks sciencedirect. Optical network unit is used together with olt in ftth network, it provides data port, phone port and catv port, 10100m autonegotiation, full bandwidth up to 200mbps in full duplex mode, which can support the users with many kinds. Optical network systems for nextgeneration networks 32 the era of fully fledged ngns nextgeneration networks where data, voice and video all use the ip internet protocol, however, requires a packetbased optical network system suitable for packet services rather than a. All the endnodes are connected to a passive star coupler. A network is a collection of interconnected stations. The passive optical network simply describes the fact that optical transmission has no power requirements or active electronic parts when the signal is going through the network. How an optical network can work together with an ipbased network infrastructure for ensuring both high reliability and performance in access, metro and transport networks, is paid special attention.
Technologies and deployment strategies presents a comprehensive overview of emerging optical access network solutions to efficiently meet the anticipated growth in bandwidth demand. State of the art and future evolution article pdf available in photonics 14. Optical networks tutorial optical networks are telecommunications network of high capacity. Point to multipoint ethernet passive optical network epon tutorial.
The passive access network does not contain any electronics between the central officeheadend switch and the customerpremises equipment. The access network may be further divided between feeder plant or distribution network, and drop plant or edge network. Each cable contains many fibres a 10 mile long route using 3 cables is said to have 10 route miles and 30 sheath cable miles. This tutorial will address all of these questions and explain the technologies, architectures, and market trends for emerging optical networks. Pdf rigid fixedgrid wdm optical networks can no longer keep up with the. Pdf a tutorial on the flexible optical networking paradigm. The next generation passive optical network stage 2 ngpon2 is a subject of interest for future access networks.
In this work, we address the data plane physical layer design of a costef. Data communication and computer network 6 wan may use advanced technologies such as asynchronous transfer mode atm, frame relay, and synchronous optical network sonet. In case of conflict between the material contained in the tutorial and the material. The final option to consider for access technology is fiber. The four basic multiple access techniques based on wavelength, subcarrier. Access network and service access technologies broadband broadband services dsl wireless access other access media. Hdtv distribution interactive multimedia games highspeed wireless 1gbs data access high mobility communications base station handoffvehicle speed, bandwidth, and packet length. It combines the advantages of two diverse technologies an optical back end drives a wireless mesh in the front end. Access network, access technologies, outline broadband. It converts the optical signal into some format understandable to the customers devices. As an important technology in the fiber optical network, wdm is moving beyond transport to become the basis of alloptical networking.
This document provides a tutorial for optical transport network standards and their applications. If each cable has 20 fibres, then the same route is said to have 600 fibre miles by the end of 1998 more than 355,00 sheath miles of fibre more than 16million fibre. They are based on optical technologies and components, and are used to route, groom, and restore wavelength levels and wavelengthbased services. Network terminology stations are devices that network subscribers use to communicate. If you are a network architect, network manager, or a consultant who designs, deploys, operates, or troubleshoots multiservice optical and dwdm networks, optical network design and implementation is your comprehensive guide to.
Approach becomes intolerable for large node networks. An access network can be architected using either dedicated or shared fibers. An ptica etwr connects computers or any other device which can generate or store data in electronic form using optical fibers. Optical network units use thin film filter technology to convert between optical and electrical signals. Typically a local network with a small number ne of endnodes, each endnode equipped with one or more transmitters and receivers. They are based on optical technologies and components, and are used to route, groom, and resto. The trade off is simply one additional active or powered element for every 48 subscribers the number of customerpremises equipment served by each distribution. After a quick overview of access network principles in section 1. Broadband optical access network is an ideal solution to alleviate the firstlast mile bottleneck of current internet infrastructures. Itut workshop outside plant for the access network. Capable of supporting both unicast and multicast communication may be either a singlehop or a multihop network. Optical fiber uses carrier frequency of the order of 10 15 hz.
The access network infrastructure plays an important role in the overall performance of the network, next generation access networks nga must be able to access diverse services, and should incorporate adequate architectures that include mechanisms for the integration of. Wdm optical network archives tutorials of fiber optic. Technologies and deployments presents the research, design, and deployment experience of stateoftheart access networks. Richly illustrated throughout to help clarify important topics, broadband optical access networks covers the architectures, protocols enabling technologies of broadband optical access networks, and all current and future competing technologies for access networks. Optical network systems for nextgeneration networks. This paper discusses sdn for optical access networks, with a focus on sdn overlays for existing networks, a unified control plane for nextgeneration optical access, and an overview of recent research progress in this area. Optical network introduction university academy formerlyip university cseit. The access network has the role of connecting end users with the internet protocol ip core network and supporting a large volume of incoming and outgoing traffic and a wide variety of services. Recent advances and breakthroughs achieved in optical fiber technology have. Since ofs is an alloptical endtoend service, our access network. This tutorial is divided into distinct chapters, which explains the structural features of optical fibers and their connections in networks. The course will give the student indepth understanding of the functionality of optical networks and how they may be implemented. A typical pointtopoint fiber optic communication network consists of a transmitter laser, a transport medium optical fiber.
Our technical publications for optical systems are currently general tutorials indicated by red dots in the boxes below. Fiber, devices, and systems for optical communications. Optical access networks connect multiple endpoints to a common network node via shared fibre infrastructure. Covering topics such as nextgeneration networking, communication networks, and photonics, this book provides the. Optical network unit onu is the user side equipment in the gepon gigabit ethernet passive optical network system designed for indoor residential installation. A comprehensive survey akhilesh thyagaturu, anu mercian, michael p. Radio and television networks in recent business growth is faster in a given area, is the region development education network access project, due to the previous optical fiber network resources is mainly used in cable television network, optical fiber resources is not so rich, many county to the town had no residual fiber resources, to increase the. Aon proposal response to sbir phase i navy 08022 miniature ultrahigh capacity data storage muhcs in support of strike and mission planning will allow to accelerate aon development. The second edition of the handbook of data communications and networks covers many key concepts, data transmission, and digital and optical networks. Passive optical network pon brief introduction duration. Everything you always wanted to know about optical. A comprehensive introduction raj jain professor of computer science and engineering. These networks require a lot of issues to be fulfilled as more bandwidth beyond. Wdm optical network archives page 8 of 11 tutorials of.
Plain old telephone service pots asymmetric digital subscriber loop adsl cablemodems using cabletv catv infrastructures power line communication plc wireless access technologies local multipoint distribution service lmds wifiwimax cellular networks. Hybrid wirelessoptical broadband access network woban is a promising architecture for future access networks. This book covers the entire spectrum of optical networking technologies from the physical layer to the network layer. It is expected to provide a highspeed, broadband user environment that is stressfree and safe and secure. The transponder is a device to optimize the performance of wdm network, which plays an important in the whole system of wdm network. Endtoend optical signal connections pointtopoint or broadcast are called lightpaths or optical channels. An access network is a type of telecommunications network which connects subscribers to their immediate service provider. In order to access the optical network efficiently and maximize bandwidth capacity and transportprotocol transparency, the optical gateway becomes a critical network element see figure 17. It is contrasted with the core network, for example the network switching subsystem in gsm which connects local providers to one another.
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